Lochleven Castle was originally a late 13th century enclosure fortress, possibly founded by King Edward I. Standing in Loch Leven, from the beginning of the 14th century a stout polygonal stone curtain wall, completely encased Castle Island. During the Wars of Independence with England, Sir William Wallace is reputed to have captured the castle and in 1313, King Robert I stayed here. In the early 14th century a rectangular four storey tower house, with the entrance and hall on the second floor was added. By 1334, after the Scottish defeat at Halidon Hill, Lochleven was one of only five castles holding out against the English. In 1390 Sir Henry Douglas was granted Lochleven and later he separated the two courtyards by adding the north curtain wall with its arched entrance. In the mid 16th century, the Glassin Tower and another southern angle tower were added to provide extra defence and accommodation. In 1561 Mary Queen of Scots first visited the castle but in 1567 she was held a prisoner here, until in May 1568 she escaped, was defeated at the Battle of Langside and went into exile in England. The medieval Castle Island was much smaller than it is today, drainage works in 1836 lowered the level of the loch. 2 miles north is Burleigh Castle.