Windsor Castle is a late 11th century earthwork motte and bailey fortress, founded by William the Conqueror. King Henry I used the castle as royal residence and it became a palace in the mid to late 12th century, when King Henry II added the first stone buildings. Although rebuild throughout centuries, the Norman layout of two baileys with the motte in-between can still be seen and it is the largest inhabited stronghold in the world and England's largest castle, visit pending. 15 miles south-east is Hampton Court Palace.